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The Canadian Beaver From the late 1600s, the beaver was hunted extensively for it's precious pelt which was used in the manufacture of top hats. Europeans travelled across Canada to trap and trade eventually opening up the wilderness to settlement. On March 24, 1975, the Canadian beaver, (castor canadensis) became an official emblem of Canada. Known for its dam and lodge-building, it is the second largest rodent in the world.